The new Presidential Council for Science

Fabrice André is a hospital doctor, a professor at Paris-Saclay University and the medical-scientific director of the Gustave Roussy Institute. Here he directs an Inserm unit working on the development of targeted cancer therapies, particularly for breast cancer. He is a world-reputed specialist in the field of metastatic breast cancer.

Alain Aspect is a CNRS Emeritus Research Professor at the Laboratoire Charles Fabry1 . Following his CNRS Gold Medal in 2005 he was awarded the 2022 Nobel Prize for Physics for his work on quantum entanglement which paved the way for the development of quantum technologies.

• 1CNRS / Institut d'Optique Graduate School.

Lucien Bély is a professor of modern history at Sorbonne Université and the Roland Mousnier Centre1 . He studied at the École Normale Supérieure, obtaining an agrégation in history and also a doctor of literature. He now specialises in the political, social and cultural history of diplomacy and peace and more broadly the history of international relations in the 17^th and 18^th centuries. Lucien Bély is the honorary president of the Association des historiens modernistes des universités françaises and a member of the History and Geography section of the Institut de France's Academy of Moral and Political Sciences.

• 1CNRS / Sorbonne Université.

Aude Bernheim is a researcher at the Inserm who specialises in microbiology and genetics combined with a strong commitment to associative work. This young researcher's work focuses on finding similarities between the immunity of bacteria and that of human beings and she also works to eliminate differences in the treatment of men and women in science. She won an ERC grant in 2021 and directs a G5 Track group at the Institut Pasteur.

Hugo Duminil-Copin is a French mathematician who specialises in probability and won the 2022 Fields Medal. He works at the Alexander Grothendieck Laboratory1 and was appointed as a permanent professor at the Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques (IHES) in 2016.

• 1CNRS / IHES.

Françoise Gaill est une biologiste marine, directrice de recherche émérite au CNRS et conseillère scientifique chez CNRS Écologie & Environnement. Spécialiste des écosystèmes abyssaux, ses travaux ont notamment porté sur les environnements extrêmes tels que les sources hydrothermales, où elle a étudié l’adaptation des organismes à des conditions de vie exceptionnelles. Elle œuvre aujourd’hui sur la scène internationale pour protéger l’océan via la Plateforme Océan & Climat, dont elle est vice-présidente, et est à l’initiative du panel international pour la durabilité de l’océan IPOS.

Sandra Lavorel is a CNRS ecology researcher at the Grenoble Alpine Ecology Laboratory1 . Her work focuses on how ecosystems function and the services these provide to humans. She has also studied the effects of climate change on a wide range of ecosystems and regularly provides scientific support for French regional planning policies. Her research work was rewarded by the 2023 CNRS gold medal.

• 1CNRS / Université Grenoble Alpes / Université Savoie Mont Blanc.

José-Alain Sahel is a university professor and a hospital practitioner in ophthalmology at Sorbonne University. His pioneering work on artificial retina and eye regeneration therapies is internationally renowned. He founded the Institut de la Vision1 in Paris which has become a world leader in vision restoration along with several companies. He is a member of the French Academy of Sciences and was awarded the 2012 CNRS innovation medal. He currently directs the Department of Ophthalmology at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine.

• 1CNRS / Sorbonne Université / Inserm.

Pascale Senellart is a research professor at the CNRS Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology1 . She joined the CNRS in 2002 and works on the development of optical components for quantum information processing. Her research was rewarded with the 2014 CNRS silver medal. Pascale Senellart also won the 2021 Grand Prix Mergier Bourdeix awarded by the Academy of Sciences while the following year she was elected to the Academy of Sciences and made an Officier de l'Ordre National du Mérite. In 2017, Pascale Senellart jointly set up the Quandela start-up which markets the unique photon sources she designs.

• 1CNRS / Université Paris-Saclay.

Claudine Tiercelin is a professor at the Collège de France where she has held the Metaphysics and Philosophy of Knowledge chair since 2010. She has an agrégation in philosophy, having studied at the École Normale Supérieure and Paris IV, Berkeley and Paris I universities. Following a period as a secondary school teacher, Claudine Tiercelin worked as an assistant at the University of Rouen, a lecturer at Paris I University and a professor at the Universities of Tours and Paris-XII (Créteil). From 2000 to 2003, she was the chair of the jury for internal and external philosophy agrégations. She has also taught in other countries, most notably at Fordham University (New York) in 2006 and 2007.

Her work focuses on three themes which have always been closely correlated - Charles Sanders Peirce and the pragmatist legacy in philosophy, metaphysics and the philosophy of knowledge.

Claudine Tiercelin is an honorary senior member of the Institut Universitaire de France, a member of the Institut Jean Nicod1 and of the Academia Europaea (since 2012). She is an Officier of the Légion d'Honneur and of the Ordre National du Mérite. She was elected to the Academy of Moral and Political Sciences in 2017.

• 1CNRS / ENS – PSL / EHESS.

Jean Tirole is the Honorary President of the Toulouse School of Economics, the Scientific Director of TSE-Partenariat in Toulouse and a founding member of Toulouse's Institute for Advanced Study. He is also a visiting professor at MIT and a member of the Institut de France. His research focuses on industrial organisation, regulations, organisational theory, game theory, finance, macroeconomics and psychology. Jean Tirole has published over 200 articles in international journals along with 12 books including 2016's 'Economics for the Common Good' for the general public. He has been awarded many international distinctions including the 2007 CNRS Gold Medal and the 2014 Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in memory of Alfred Nobel.

Pierre-Paul Zalio has been the President of Campus Condorcet for the humanities and social sciences since 2022. He studied at the Cachan École Normale Supérieure, obtaining an agrégation in social sciences and a sociology PhD. He is a professor of sociology at the Paris-Saclay École Normale Supérieure which he directed from 2012 to 2022, leading the institution through a complex and ambitious merger process which paved the way for the creation of Paris-Saclay University. His research at the Institutions and Historical Dynamics of Economics and Society (IDHES)1 focuses on subjects like the main families of employers in Marseille, the figure of the entrepreneur and the dynamics underpinning the transformation of the wage-earning society. Pierre-Paul Zalio was awarded the 2003 CNRS bronze medal, is an honorary member of the Institut Universitaire de France and was made a Chevalier de la Légion d'Honneur in 2015.

• 1CNRS / ENS Paris-Saclay / Université Évry - Val d'Essonne / Université Paris-I Panthéon-Sorbonne / Université Paris Nanterre / Université Vincennes-Saint-Denis.